Fixed Orthodontic Braces

Definition:

Fixed orthodontic braces are dental appliances that are bonded to the teeth to correct misalignment, crowding, spacing, and bite issues. Unlike removable appliances, they remain attached throughout the treatment period and are adjusted periodically by an orthodontist.

Components of Fixed Braces

Brackets:

Small metal, ceramic, or composite attachments bonded to each tooth.

Archwire:

A thin metal wire that runs through the brackets and applies continuous gentle pressure to move teeth.

Bands:

Metal rings placed around molars to anchor the appliance.

Ligatures (O-rings):

Tiny elastic or metal ties that hold the archwire in place on the brackets.

Buccal Tubes:

Small attachments on molars that help hold the ends of the archwire.

Elastics (Rubber Bands):

Used to apply additional force to correct bite relationships.

Types of Fixed Braces

Metal Braces

Made of stainless steel; traditional type

Strong, cost-effective

Ceramic Braces

Tooth-colored brackets

Aesthetic, less noticeable

Self-ligating Braces

Use clips instead of elastic ties

Easier to clean, less friction

Lingual Braces

Attached to the back (tongue side) of teeth

Invisible from the front

Procedure

Initial Consultation & Records: X-rays, photos, and impressions/scans.

Bonding: Brackets are glued onto teeth, and the archwire is placed.

Regular Adjustments: Every 4–6 weeks to tighten or replace wires and elastics.

Debonding: Removal of braces after achieving desired alignment.

Retention Phase: Retainers are given to maintain the new tooth position.

Advantages

Precise and controlled tooth movement

Suitable for complex orthodontic cases

Continuous treatment (cannot be removed by patient)

Oral Care Tips

Brush after every meal using a soft toothbrush and interdental brush

Floss daily with orthodontic floss threaders or water flossers

Use fluoride mouthwash to prevent decalcification

Regular dental check-ups and professional cleaning